Everything about Acta Diurna totally explained
Acta Diurna (lat:
Daily Acts sometimes translated as
Daily Public Records) were daily
Roman official notices, seen as the first
gazette. They were carved on stone or metal and presented in message boards in public places like the
Forum of
Rome. They were also called simply
Acta or
Diurna or sometimes
Acta Popidi or
Acta Publica.
The first form of
Acta appeared around
131 BCE during the
Roman Republic. Their original content included results of legal proceedings and outcomes of trials. Later the content was expanded to public notices and announcements and other noteworthy information such as prominent births, marriages and deaths. After couple of days the notices were taken down and archived (though no intact copy has survived to the present day).
Sometimes
scribes made copies of the
Acta and sent them to
provincial governors for information. Later emperors used them to announce royal or senatorial decrees and events of the court.
Other forms of
Acta were legal, municipal and military notices.
Acta Senatus were originally kept secret, until then-
consul Julius Caesar made them public in
59 BCE. Later rulers, however, often
censored them.
Publication of the
Acta Diurna stopped when the seat of the emperor was moved to
Constantinople.
The
Acta Diurna is considered the first
newspaper -type publication and the first government
gazette. Today, there are many
academic periodicals with the word
acta in their titles (the publisher
Elsevier has 64 such titles).
Further Information
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